Providing optimal special education services to Hispanic children and their families.

The U.S. Census Bureau reported that 44.3 million people living in the United States in 2006 were of Hispanic descent. This population is far from homogeneous and includes seven major subgroups based on their origin, each with its own characteristics, which are briefly discussed. Of the 5.1 million children identified as English language learners, 79% speak Spanish as their first language based on 2004-2005 school records. This article presents several areas to be considered by education personnel when working with the Hispanic population, including rearing and communication patterns, families' experiences attaining literacy and school resources, facilitating communication with Hispanic families, and how families understand and react to various educational and medical disabilities. Three case studies illustrate scenarios of children of various ages and challenges and ways in which their families might ensure that they receive optimal educational opportunities. The article ends with a list of suggestions for school personnel. (Abstract from author)